Castelo Mendo

Concelho: Almeida
Localização: Castelo Mendo
Latitude: 40.592610714085446 
Longitude:-6.9497644901275635

O Castelo de Castelo Mendo, localiza-se em Castelo Mendo, concelho de Almeida, distrito da Guarda.

Acredita-se que a primitiva edificação do Castelo de Castelo Mendo remonte à passagem do século XII para o XIII, sob o reinado de Sancho I de Portugal (1185-1211).

A povoação recebeu Carta de Foral, passada por Sancho II de Portugal (1223-1248) em Vila do Touro, a 15 de Março de 1229. Este documento é particularmente interessante por estipular a primeira feira oficial no reino. Data deste período a construção da primeira cintura muralhada para defesa da povoação. 

Integrante do território de Ribacôa, disputado ao reino de Leão por Dinis de Portugal (1279-1325), a sua posse definitiva para Portugal foi assegurada pelo Tratado de Alcanices (1297).

O soberano, a partir de então, procurou consolidar-lhe as fronteiras, fazendo reedificar vários Castelos. Datam desse período a construção da segunda cintura muralhada, assim como da Torre de Menagem, com os recursos que são assegurados pela confirmação, por este soberano, do foral da vila, a 16 de Dezembro de 1281, que dois dias após ali instituiu uma Feira Franca, a ser realizada na Devessa. 

À época da Guerra Peninsular, uma guarnição de dezanove homens na vila resistiu às tropas napoleónicas sob o comando de André Massena. 

Castelo Mendo deixou de ser sede de Concelho em 1855, acentuando-se, a partir de então, a sua decadência. 

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Já no século XX, o conjunto foi declarado como Monumento Nacional. A partir de então, a Direcção-Geral dos Edifícios e Monumentos Nacionais (DGEMN) procedeu a intervenções de consolidação e restauro, reconstruindo diversos troços de muralhas, portas e torres que, segundo estudiosos, teriam desvirtuado a aparência original do conjunto.